Core Processor
Intel Details Upcoming New Processor Generations
Marking the next step in the "Intel's product strategy tic-tac" and cadence to provide a new process technology with an enhanced microarchitecture or entirely new microarchitecture every year, Intel Corporation will begin producing its processor family Next-generation Penryn processors in the second half of this year. These new processors benefit from enhancements in the Intel ® Core ™ microarchitecture and also Intel 45nm industry-leading Hi-k technology with its hafnium-based process of designing high-K + metal gate transistors, which results in an increased performance and more energy-efficient processors.
Intel has more than 15 45nm Hi-k product designs in various stages development, and will have two 45nm manufacturing plants in production later this year, with a total of four in production for the second half of 2008 to deliver tens of millions of these processors. Below are many of the details of the Penryn processor family and take a look at some of the features key to the future generation of Intel processors, codenamed Nehalem.
Penryn Microarchitecture FAMILY INNOVATIONS
- A Range of Products – Six Penryn family processors, including dual core processors desktop quad-and dual-core mobile processor are all under the Intel Core brand as well as new dual and quad-core server under the name Intel ® Xeon ® Processor brand. A high-end processor server multiprocessing systems is also in development. As already noted, Intel already has a total of 15 45nm products scheduled.
- Technical Marvel – 45nm next generation Intel ® Core ™ 2 processors quad-core will have 820 million transistors. With our invention of high-k metal transistor, think of power over 820 million light bulbs lighting and off at light-speed. The dual-core version has a size of 107mm2, which is 25 percent smaller than Intel's current 65nm products – and fourth the size of a postage stamp average U.S. – And operate with the same or less power than Intel's current dual-core.
- Deep Power Down for Energy Savings, Improved Battery Life – The mobile Penryn processor has a new state of advanced management energy called Deep Power Down Technology that significantly reduces processor power during idle periods such that internal transistor power leakage is no longer a factor. This helps extend battery life in laptops. This is a great improvement over previous generation Intel processors leaders in the mobile industry.
- Intel Dynamic Acceleration Technology Enhanced Performance for Single Threaded Applications – To mobile Penryn processor, Intel has improved the Intel ® Dynamic Acceleration Technology available in current Intel Core 2 processors. This function uses the height free energy released when a nucleus is made inactive to boost the performance of another still active core. Imagine a shower with two powerful shower water heads, when a shower head off, the other has increased water pressure (performance).
- Excessive speed video, Photo Imaging, and High Performance Software – Penryn includes Intel ® Streaming SIMD Extensions 4 (SSE4) instructions, the largest unique instruction set addition, since the original SSE Instruction Set Architecture (ISA). This extends the Intel ® 64 instruction set architecture to improve performance and capabilities Intel ® architecture.
- Other Technical Features to improve performance
- Microarchitecture Optimizations – Increases the overall performance and energy efficiency of the already leading Intel Core microarchitecture to deliver more executions instructions per clock cycle, which results in increased performance and quicker PC responsiveness.
- Improved Intel ® Virtualization Technology – Penryn speeds up virtual machine transition (entry / exit) by an average of 25 to 75 percent. All this is done through microarchitecture improvements and requires no changes to virtual machine software. Virtualization partitions or compartmentalizes a single computer so you can run operating systems and software separated, which can best leverage the power of multicore processing, increase efficiency and reduce costs by allowing a single machine act as many virtual "mini" computers.
- Higher frequencies – from the Penryn family of products will deliver higher overall clock frequencies within existing power and thermal envelopes to further increase performance. Desktop and server products will introduce higher speeds to 3GHz.
- Fast division of numbers – Penryn-based processors provide fast divider performance, roughly doubling the divider speed over previous generations for computations used in nearly all applications through the inclusion of a new technique divide more rapidly called Radix 16. The ability to divide instructions and commands faster increases a computer's performance.
- Larger Caches – Penryn processors include up to an L2 cache of 50 percent larger with a higher degree of associativity to further improve plus hit rate and maximize its use. The dual-core Penryn processors will feature up to 6MB of L2 cache and quad-core processors up to a cache 12MB L2. Cache is a memory reservoir where frequently accessed data can be stored for faster access. Larger and faster cache sizes speed up computer performance and response time.
- Unique Super Shuffle Engine – By implementing a full-width, single pass shuffle unit that is 128-bits wide, Penryn processors can perform full-width shuffles in a single cycle. This significantly improves performance SSE2, SSE3 and SSE4 instructions that have operations such as mixing, such as pack, unpack and wider packed shifts. This feature improves performance for creating content, images, video and high-performance computing.
Nehalem Microarchitecture
After Penryn and the introduction of 45 nm Hi-k silicon technology comes Next-generation Intel microarchitecture (Nehalem) slated to start production in 2008. By continuing to innovate at this rapid cadence, Intel will offer enormous performance and energy efficiency gains in the coming years, adding more performance features and capabilities to new and enhanced applications. Here are some new revelations initial Nehalem microarchitecture around our:
- Dynamically scalable for leadership performance on demand with energy efficiency
- Dynamically managed cores, threads, cache, interfaces and power
- Leverages leading 4 instruction issue Intel ® Core microarchitecture technology
- Simultaneous multi-threading (similar to Intel Hyper-Threading Technology) returns to enhance performance and energy efficiency
- Innovative new Intel ® SSE4 and ATA instruction set architecture additions
- Superior multi-level shared cache leverages Intel ® Smart Cache technology
- Leadership system and memory bandwidth
- Improved performance management Dynamic energy
- Scalable Design the optimal price / performance / energy efficiency in each market segment
- New system architecture for next generation Intel processors and platforms
- Scalable performance: 1 to 16 + threads, 1 to 8 + cores, cache sizes scalable
- Scalable and configurable system interconnects and integrated memory controllers
- High Performance integrated graphics engine for client.
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Intel tests chip design with 80-core processor
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